:root{--yk-ink:#0a0d12;--yk-navy:#081f42;--yk-paper:#e9ebf2;--yk-muted:#454c5c;--yk-line:#cdd2de;--yk-c-ai:#6a45f5;--yk-c-cs:#1568c4;--yk-c-multi:#00806d;--yk-c-social:#e24e27;--yk-c-comp:#c22d62;--yk-dark-1:#0b0f17;--yk-dark-2:#10151f;--yk-dark-4:#1b2540;--yk-dark-6:#0f2a52;--yk-on-dark:#b9c9ee;--yk-on-dark-soft:#b9c2d9;--yk-container:1180px;--yk-gutter:2rem;--yk-radius:12px;--yk-accent:#1568c4}body.yk-accent-ai{--yk-accent:#6a45f5}body.yk-accent-cs{--yk-accent:#1568c4}body.yk-accent-multi{--yk-accent:#00806d}body.yk-accent-social{--yk-accent:#e24e27}body.yk-accent-comp{--yk-accent:#c22d62}.yk-container{max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 2rem}@media (max-width:760px){.yk-container{padding:0 1.25rem}}body.yk{font-family:'Source Sans 3',-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,sans-serif;color:#0a0d12;background:radial-gradient(circle at 8% 12%, rgba(106,69,245,0.24) 0%, transparent 42%),radial-gradient(circle at 95% 20%, rgba(21,104,196,0.24) 0%, transparent 42%),radial-gradient(circle at 15% 60%, rgba(0,128,109,0.2) 0%, transparent 42%),radial-gradient(circle at 85% 55%, rgba(226,78,39,0.2) 0%, transparent 42%),radial-gradient(circle at 40% 95%, rgba(194,45,98,0.2) 0%, transparent 42%),#e9ebf2;background-attachment:fixed}body.yk::before{content:'';position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:-1;background-image:radial-gradient(rgba(10,13,18,0.1) 1.2px, transparent 1.2px);background-size:20px 20px;pointer-events:none}body.yk .pkp_structure_page{background:transparent}body.yk.pkp_page_index .pkp_structure_content{width:100%;max-width:none;padding:0}body.yk.pkp_page_index .pkp_structure_main{width:100%;padding:0;margin-top:0;float:none}body.yk.pkp_page_index .pkp_structure_main::before,body.yk.pkp_page_index .pkp_structure_main::after{content:none}body.yk.pkp_page_index .homepage_image,body.yk.pkp_page_index .additional_content{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:0}body.yk.pkp_page_index .yk-home__image,body.yk.pkp_page_index .yk-home__additional{max-width:1180px;padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem;box-sizing:border-box}body.yk.pkp_page_index .yk-home__image{margin-top:2.5rem}body.yk.pkp_page_index .yk-home__image img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:12px;border:1px solid #cdd2de}body.yk.pkp_page_index .yk-home__additional{margin-top:2.5rem}h1,h2,h3,h4,.yk-display{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,[tabindex]:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--yk-accent);outline-offset:2px}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,*::before,*::after{animation-duration:0.01ms !important;animation-iteration-count:1 !important;transition-duration:0.01ms !important;scroll-behavior:auto !important}}.yk-masthead{position:relative;padding:2.6rem 2rem 0;text-align:center;color:#fff;overflow:hidden;background:radial-gradient(circle at 15% 20%, rgba(124,92,252,0.5) 0%, transparent 45%),radial-gradient(circle at 85% 15%, rgba(255,107,74,0.45) 0%, transparent 45%),radial-gradient(circle at 50% 90%, rgba(30,136,229,0.4) 0%, transparent 50%),radial-gradient(circle at 80% 80%, rgba(224,69,123,0.35) 0%, transparent 45%),linear-gradient(180deg, #0b0f17 0%, #10151f 100%);background-color:#0b0f17}.yk-masthead::before{content:'';position:absolute;inset:0;background-image:linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 1px, transparent 1px),linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.05) 1px, transparent 1px);background-size:34px 34px;-webkit-mask-image:radial-gradient(ellipse at center, #000 40%, transparent 85%);mask-image:radial-gradient(ellipse at center, #000 40%, transparent 85%);pointer-events:none}@media (max-width:860px){.yk-masthead{padding:1.75rem 1.25rem 0}}.yk-masthead__circuit{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:0;pointer-events:none}.yk-masthead__inner{position:relative;z-index:1;padding-bottom:2.2rem}.yk-badge{width:56px;height:56px;margin:0 auto 1rem;border-radius:14px;border:2px solid transparent;background:linear-gradient(#10151f, #10151f) padding-box,linear-gradient(135deg, #6a45f5, #1568c4, #00806d) border-box;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:700;font-size:1.15rem;color:#fff}@media (max-width:860px){.yk-badge{width:44px;height:44px;font-size:0.95rem}}.yk-kicker{font-size:0.7rem;letter-spacing:0.3em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#B9BEDD;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:0.8rem}.yk-masthead__title{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:600;font-size:clamp(2.2rem, 5.5vw, 3.6rem);letter-spacing:-0.01em;line-height:1.1;margin:0}.yk-masthead__title a{color:#fff;text-decoration:none;background:linear-gradient(90deg, #fff 0%, #dce0ff 60%, #fff 100%);-webkit-background-clip:text;background-clip:text}@supports ((-webkit-background-clip: text) or (background-clip: text)){color:transparent}.yk-masthead__title a:hover,.yk-masthead__title a:focus-visible{text-decoration:none}.yk-tagline{font-size:0.95rem;color:#C7C9D9;margin-top:0.6rem;font-style:italic;font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif}.yk-masthead__user{position:absolute;top:1.9rem;right:2rem;z-index:2}.yk-masthead__user .yk-usernav{display:flex;gap:1.5rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;font-size:0.82rem}.yk-masthead__user .yk-usernav__item{margin:0;padding:0}.yk-masthead__user .yk-usernav__item::before{content:none}.yk-masthead__user a{color:#fff;text-decoration:none;opacity:0.85;border-bottom:1px solid transparent;padding-bottom:2px}.yk-masthead__user a:hover,.yk-masthead__user a:focus-visible{opacity:1;border-bottom-color:#fff;text-decoration:none}@media (max-width:860px){.yk-masthead__user{position:static;margin-top:1rem;padding-bottom:1.25rem}.yk-masthead__user .yk-usernav{justify-content:center}}.yk-nav{background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid #cdd2de;box-shadow:0 4px 14px -10px rgba(13,17,23,0.15);position:relative;z-index:5}.yk-nav__inner{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:0.4rem}.yk-nav__logo{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;flex-shrink:0;padding:.5rem .8rem .5rem 0}.yk-nav__logo img{display:block;width:auto;height:48px;max-width:160px;object-fit:contain}.yk-nav__list{display:flex;align-items:center;flex:1 1 auto;min-width:0}.yk-nav__list .yk-primarynav{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:0.2rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;flex-wrap:wrap}.yk-nav__list .yk-primarynav__item{margin:0;padding:0;position:relative}.yk-nav__list .yk-primarynav__item::before{content:none}.yk-nav__list a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.4rem;color:#081f42;text-decoration:none;font-size:0.86rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.01em;padding:.95rem .8rem;white-space:nowrap;border-bottom:2px solid transparent;transition:border-color .15s ease,color .15s ease}.yk-nav__list a svg{width:14px;height:14px;flex-shrink:0}.yk-nav__list a:hover,.yk-nav__list a:focus-visible{border-bottom-color:#081f42;text-decoration:none}.yk-nav__list li:has(> ul)>a::after,.yk-nav__list a.caret::after{content:'▾';font-size:0.65rem;margin-left:0.1rem;opacity:0.6}.yk-nav__list .yk-primarynav ul{position:absolute;top:100%;left:0;z-index:10;display:none;min-width:220px;margin:0;padding:.4rem 0;list-style:none;background:#fff;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:0 0 6px 6px;box-shadow:0 10px 24px -12px rgba(13,17,23,0.35)}.yk-nav__list .yk-primarynav ul a{padding:.55rem 1rem;font-weight:600;border-bottom:0;white-space:normal}.yk-nav__list li:hover>ul,.yk-nav__list li:focus-within>ul{display:block}.yk-nav__search{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.4rem;margin-left:auto;flex-shrink:0;color:var(--yk-accent);text-decoration:none;font-size:0.86rem;font-weight:700;padding:.95rem .8rem;border-bottom:2px solid transparent}.yk-nav__search svg{width:14px;height:14px}.yk-nav__search:hover,.yk-nav__search:focus-visible{border-bottom-color:var(--yk-accent);text-decoration:none}.yk-nav-toggle{display:none;position:relative;width:44px;height:44px;margin-left:auto;padding:0;background:transparent;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:6px;cursor:pointer;flex-shrink:0}.yk-nav-toggle .yk-nav-toggle__bar,.yk-nav-toggle .yk-nav-toggle__bar::before,.yk-nav-toggle .yk-nav-toggle__bar::after{position:absolute;left:50%;width:20px;height:2px;margin-left:-10px;background:#081f42;transition:transform .18s ease,opacity .18s ease}.yk-nav-toggle .yk-nav-toggle__bar{top:50%;margin-top:-1px}.yk-nav-toggle .yk-nav-toggle__bar::before{content:'';margin-left:-10px;transform:translateY(-6px)}.yk-nav-toggle .yk-nav-toggle__bar::after{content:'';margin-left:-10px;transform:translateY(6px)}@media (max-width:860px){.yk-nav__inner{flex-wrap:wrap}.yk-nav-toggle{display:block}.yk-nav__list{flex:1 0 100%;max-height:0;overflow:hidden;transition:max-height .2s ease}.yk-nav__list .yk-primarynav{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;width:100%}.yk-nav__list a{padding:.85rem .25rem;border-bottom:1px solid #cdd2de;width:100%}.yk-nav__list .yk-primarynav ul{position:static;display:block;border:0;box-shadow:none;padding-left:1rem}.yk-nav--open .yk-nav__list{max-height:44rem;overflow-y:auto}.yk-nav__search{margin-left:0;padding-left:0.25rem}}.yk-nav--open .yk-nav-toggle .yk-nav-toggle__bar{background:transparent}.yk-nav--open .yk-nav-toggle .yk-nav-toggle__bar::before{transform:translateY(0) rotate(45deg)}.yk-nav--open .yk-nav-toggle .yk-nav-toggle__bar::after{transform:translateY(0) rotate(-45deg)}.yk-wave{line-height:0;margin-top:-1px}.yk-wave svg{width:100%;height:44px;display:block}.yk-wave--flipped svg{transform:scaleY(-1)}.yk-blocks .pkp_block,.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block{background:#fff;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:12px;padding:1.1rem 1.25rem;margin-bottom:0.9rem;box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(13,17,23,0.03);float:none;width:auto}.yk-blocks .title,.pkp_structure_sidebar .title{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-size:0.95rem;font-weight:600;color:#081f42;margin:0 0 .6rem;padding:0;border:0}.yk-blocks .content,.pkp_structure_sidebar .content{font-size:0.86rem;color:#454c5c;line-height:1.6}.yk-blocks ul,.pkp_structure_sidebar ul{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.yk-blocks ul li,.pkp_structure_sidebar ul li{margin:0 0 .35rem;padding:0}.yk-blocks ul li::before,.pkp_structure_sidebar ul li::before{content:none}.yk-blocks ul li:last-child,.pkp_structure_sidebar ul li:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.yk-blocks a,.pkp_structure_sidebar a{color:#081f42;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid transparent}.yk-blocks a:hover,.pkp_structure_sidebar a:hover,.yk-blocks a:focus-visible,.pkp_structure_sidebar a:focus-visible{color:var(--yk-accent);border-bottom-color:var(--yk-accent);text-decoration:none}.yk-blocks a.block_make_submission_link,.pkp_structure_sidebar a.block_make_submission_link{display:block;text-align:center;background:var(--yk-accent);color:#fff;font-weight:700;font-size:0.86rem;letter-spacing:0.02em;padding:.8rem 1rem;border-radius:7px;border:0;transition:filter .15s ease}.yk-blocks a.block_make_submission_link:hover,.pkp_structure_sidebar a.block_make_submission_link:hover,.yk-blocks a.block_make_submission_link:focus-visible,.pkp_structure_sidebar a.block_make_submission_link:focus-visible{filter:brightness(1.12);color:#fff;border-bottom-color:transparent}.yk-blocks .block_make_submission,.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_make_submission{background:none;border:0;box-shadow:none;padding:0}.yk-blocks .block_web_feed ul,.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_web_feed ul{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:0.5rem}.yk-blocks .block_web_feed li,.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_web_feed li{margin:0}.yk-blocks .block_web_feed a,.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_web_feed a{display:block;border-bottom:0;opacity:0.75;transition:opacity .15s ease}.yk-blocks .block_web_feed a:hover,.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_web_feed a:hover,.yk-blocks .block_web_feed a:focus-visible,.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_web_feed a:focus-visible{opacity:1}.yk-blocks .block_web_feed img,.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_web_feed img{display:block;width:auto;height:16px}.yk-blocks img,.pkp_structure_sidebar img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.yk-blocks{margin-top:1.75rem}body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_sidebar{border:0;padding:0}body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_sidebar::before,body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_sidebar::after{content:none}.yk-contact{margin-bottom:4rem}.yk-contact__panel{background:#fff;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:14px;padding:2.4rem 2.6rem;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.1fr repeat(3, 1fr);gap:2.5rem;box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(13,17,23,0.03)}@media (max-width:860px){.yk-contact__panel{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, 1fr);gap:2rem;padding:2rem}}@media (max-width:760px){.yk-contact__panel{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding:1.75rem}}.yk-contact__col{min-width:0}.yk-contact__col h3{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-size:0.8rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#081f42;margin:0 0 .45rem}.yk-contact__col h3+.yk-contact__line+h3,.yk-contact__col .yk-contact__line+h3{margin-top:1.1rem}.yk-contact__line{font-size:0.85rem;color:#454c5c;line-height:1.55;margin:0 0 .35rem;overflow-wrap:break-word}.yk-contact__line a{color:#081f42;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid transparent}.yk-contact__line a:hover,.yk-contact__line a:focus-visible{border-bottom-color:var(--yk-accent);color:var(--yk-accent);text-decoration:none}.yk-contact__brand{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.yk-contact__logo{width:88px;height:auto;margin-bottom:0.9rem}.yk-contact__tagline{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-style:italic;font-size:0.9rem;color:#454c5c;line-height:1.5;margin:0}.yk-contact__social{display:flex;gap:0.7rem;margin-top:0.3rem}.yk-contact__social a{width:34px;height:34px;border-radius:50%;background:#e9ebf2;border:1px solid #cdd2de;color:#081f42;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-shrink:0;transition:background .15s ease,color .15s ease}.yk-contact__social a svg{width:15px;height:15px}.yk-contact__social a:hover,.yk-contact__social a:focus-visible{background:#081f42;color:#fff}.yk-contact__note{font-size:0.78rem;color:#454c5c;line-height:1.55;margin-top:1rem;font-style:italic}.yk-footer-wrapper{background:transparent}.yk-footer{background:linear-gradient(180deg, #0d1117 0%, #10151f 100%);text-align:center;padding:1.15rem 0;font-size:0.78rem;color:#8891a5}.yk-footer.pkp_structure_footer{width:100%;max-width:none;margin:0;padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.yk-footer a{color:#b9c2d9}.yk-footer a:hover,.yk-footer a:focus-visible{color:#fff}.yk-footer__inner{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem 1.25rem}.yk-footer__content{flex:1 0 100%;line-height:1.5}.yk-footer__content.pkp_footer_content{padding:0;text-align:center}.yk-footer__content p{margin:0}.yk-footer__meta{color:#8891a5}.yk-footer__brand{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;line-height:0}.yk-footer__brand.pkp_brand_footer{padding:0;float:none;max-width:none}.yk-footer__brand img{height:24px;width:auto;filter:brightness(0) invert(1);opacity:0.45;transition:opacity .15s ease}.yk-footer__brand:hover img,.yk-footer__brand:focus-visible img{opacity:0.85}.yk-article-card{background:#fff;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:12px;padding:1.7rem 1.8rem;margin-bottom:1.2rem;box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(13,17,23,0.03);transition:transform .15s ease,box-shadow .15s ease,border-color .15s ease;border-bottom:1px solid #cdd2de;position:relative}.yk-article-card .pages{position:static;top:auto;right:auto}.yk-article-card .authors{padding-right:0}.yk-article-card .cover{float:right;width:auto}.yk-article-card:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 16px 32px -18px rgba(13,17,23,0.22);border-color:var(--yk-accent)}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.yk-article-card:hover{transform:none}}@media (max-width:760px){.yk-article-card{padding:1.25rem 1.15rem}}.yk-article-card__cover{float:right;margin:0 0 1rem 1.5rem;max-width:110px}.yk-article-card__cover img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:6px;border:1px solid #cdd2de}@media (max-width:480px){.yk-article-card__cover{float:none;margin:0 0 1rem}}.yk-article-card__top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:0.75rem;margin-bottom:0.7rem}.yk-article-card__label{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.4rem;font-size:0.68rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--yk-accent)}.yk-article-card__label::before{content:'';width:6px;height:6px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--yk-accent);flex-shrink:0}.yk-article-card__type{font-size:0.7rem;color:#454c5c;background:#e9ebf2;padding:.2rem .6rem;border-radius:20px;border:1px solid #cdd2de;white-space:nowrap}.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__title{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:600;font-size:1.24rem;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 .55rem}.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__title a{color:#0a0d12;text-decoration:none;display:block}.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__title a:hover,.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__title a:focus-visible{color:var(--yk-accent);text-decoration:none}@media (max-width:760px){.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__title{font-size:1.1rem}}.yk-article-card__subtitle{display:block;font-size:0.95rem;font-weight:400;color:#454c5c;margin-top:0.2rem}.yk-article-card__authors{font-size:0.88rem;color:#454c5c;margin-bottom:0.7rem}.yk-article-card__abstract{font-size:0.9rem;color:#454c5c;line-height:1.6;margin:0 0 1.1rem}.yk-article-card__bottom{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;padding-top:1rem;border-top:1px solid #cdd2de;clear:both}@media (max-width:480px){.yk-article-card__bottom{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}}.yk-article-card__meta{display:flex;gap:1.1rem;font-size:0.78rem;color:#454c5c}.yk-article-card__pages{font-family:'IBM Plex Mono',ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,monospace;font-size:0.78rem;color:#454c5c}.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__galleys{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0.5rem;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__galleys li{margin:0;padding:0}.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__galleys li::before{content:none}.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__galleys a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.45rem;background:#081f42;color:#fff;text-decoration:none;font-size:0.75rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:0.03em;padding:.55rem 1rem;border-radius:7px;border:0;transition:background .18s ease}.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__galleys a:hover,.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__galleys a:focus-visible{background:var(--yk-accent);color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__galleys a .fa,.yk-article-card .yk-article-card__galleys a svg{width:13px;height:13px;font-size:13px}.yk-section-label{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:1rem;margin-bottom:1.5rem;position:relative;padding-bottom:0.9rem}.yk-section-label .yk-eyebrow{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-size:0.8rem;color:#454c5c;letter-spacing:0.08em;text-transform:uppercase}.yk-section-label h1,.yk-section-label h2,.yk-section-label h3{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:600;font-size:1.4rem;margin:0;min-width:0;overflow-wrap:break-word}.yk-section-label::after{content:'';flex:1;height:1px;background:#cdd2de;align-self:flex-end;margin-bottom:0.5rem}.yk-section-label::before{content:'';position:absolute;left:0;bottom:0;width:56px;height:4px;border-radius:4px;background:linear-gradient(90deg, #7c5cfc, #1e88e5, #00a991, #ff6b4a, #e0457b)}.yk-section-label--tight{margin-bottom:1rem;padding-bottom:0.7rem}.yk-section-label--tight h1,.yk-section-label--tight h2,.yk-section-label--tight h3,.yk-section-label--tight h4{font-size:1.15rem}.yk-layout__side .yk-section-label,.yk-section-label--stacked{display:block;padding-bottom:0.75rem}.yk-layout__side .yk-section-label .yk-eyebrow,.yk-section-label--stacked .yk-eyebrow{display:block;margin-bottom:0.15rem}.yk-layout__side .yk-section-label h1,.yk-section-label--stacked h1,.yk-layout__side .yk-section-label h2,.yk-section-label--stacked h2,.yk-layout__side .yk-section-label h3,.yk-section-label--stacked h3{font-size:1.15rem;line-height:1.25;overflow-wrap:break-word}.yk-layout__side .yk-section-label::after,.yk-section-label--stacked::after{content:none}.yk-view-all{display:block;text-align:center;margin-top:0.5rem;padding:0.9rem;border:1px dashed #cdd2de;border-radius:10px;color:#081f42;text-decoration:none;font-size:0.88rem;font-weight:600;transition:background .15s ease,border-color .15s ease}.yk-view-all:hover,.yk-view-all:focus-visible{background:#fff;border-color:#081f42;text-decoration:none}.yk-toc .galleys,.yk-toc .section{position:static;margin:0;padding:0}.yk-toc .galleys::before,.yk-toc .section::before{content:none}.yk-toc .galleys>h2,.yk-toc .section>h2,.yk-toc .galleys>h3,.yk-toc .section>h3,.yk-toc .galleys>h4,.yk-toc .section>h4{display:block;position:static;left:auto;margin:0;padding:0;background:none;line-height:1.3}.yk-toc .articles{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.yk-toc .articles>li{margin:0;padding:0}.yk-toc .articles>li::before{content:none}.yk-toc .sections:not(:first-child){margin-top:0}.yk-toc .yk-toc__section+.yk-toc__section{margin-top:2.25rem}.yk-toc .yk-toc__heading{margin-bottom:1.75rem}.yk-toc .yk-toc__heading::after{content:'';display:table;clear:both}.yk-toc .yk-toc__cover{float:right;width:150px;margin:0 0 1.25rem 1.75rem}.yk-toc .yk-toc__cover img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;max-height:none;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:6px}@media (max-width:760px){.yk-toc .yk-toc__cover{float:none;width:120px;margin:0 0 1rem}}.yk-toc .yk-toc__description{font-size:0.95rem;line-height:1.7;color:#454c5c}.yk-toc .yk-toc__description>*:first-child{margin-top:0}.yk-toc .yk-toc__description>*:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.yk-toc .yk-toc__pubid,.yk-toc .yk-toc__published{margin:.35rem 0 0;font-size:0.85rem;color:#454c5c}.yk-toc .yk-toc__pubid .label,.yk-toc .yk-toc__published .label,.yk-toc .yk-toc__pubid .type,.yk-toc .yk-toc__published .type{font-weight:600;color:#0a0d12}.yk-toc .yk-toc__galleys{margin-bottom:2rem}.yk-stats{background:linear-gradient(90deg, #060b14 0%, #0f2a52 50%, #060b14 100%);color:#fff;margin-top:-1px;padding:2.2rem 2rem}@media (max-width:760px){.yk-stats{padding:1.75rem 1.25rem}}.yk-stats__inner{max-width:900px;margin:0 auto;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit, minmax(140px, 1fr));gap:1.5rem;text-align:center}.yk-stat b{display:block;font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:600;font-size:1.9rem;line-height:1.1;color:#fff}.yk-stat span{display:block;margin-top:0.35rem;font-size:0.76rem;letter-spacing:0.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#b9c9ee}@media (max-width:480px){.yk-stat b{font-size:1.5rem}}.yk-about{padding:3rem 2rem 1rem}.yk-about__inner{max-width:800px;margin:0 auto;text-align:center;font-size:1.05rem;line-height:1.75;color:#454c5c}.yk-about__inner p{background:linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(124,92,252,0.08), rgba(30,136,229,0.08), rgba(255,107,74,0.08));border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:12px;padding:1.1rem 1.6rem;margin:0}.yk-about__inner p+p{margin-top:0.9rem}.yk-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 340px;gap:2.5rem;margin-top:3.75rem;margin-bottom:5rem;align-items:start}@media (max-width:1180px){.yk-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr 280px;gap:2rem}}@media (max-width:860px){.yk-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:2.5rem}}.yk-layout__side{position:sticky;top:1.5rem}@media (max-width:860px){.yk-layout__side{position:static}}.yk-jcard{display:flex;align-items:stretch;gap:0.9rem;background:#fff;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:0.9rem;text-decoration:none;box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(13,17,23,0.03);transition:transform .15s ease,box-shadow .15s ease,border-color .15s ease;border-left:3px solid var(--yk-accent)}.yk-jcard:hover,.yk-jcard:focus-visible{transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 16px 32px -18px rgba(13,17,23,0.22);border-color:var(--yk-accent);text-decoration:none}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.yk-jcard:hover{transform:none}}.yk-jcard__thumb{flex:0 0 68px;background-size:cover;background-position:center;background-repeat:no-repeat;min-height:92px}.yk-jcard__body{display:block;padding:.85rem 1rem .9rem .1rem;min-width:0}.yk-jcard__tag{display:inline-block;font-size:0.63rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0.1em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--yk-accent);margin-bottom:0.3rem}.yk-jcard__name{display:block;font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:600;font-size:0.98rem;line-height:1.3;color:#0a0d12;margin-bottom:0.25rem}.yk-jcard__meta{display:block;font-size:0.72rem;color:#454c5c}.yk-keywords{max-width:1180px;margin:0 auto 4rem;padding:0 2rem}.yk-keywords__banner{background:#DCE3EA;border-left:5px solid #081f42;padding:.9rem 1.4rem;margin-bottom:2rem;border-radius:0 6px 6px 0}.yk-keywords__banner h2{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:600;font-size:1.3rem;margin:0;color:#081f42}.yk-keywords__cloud{background:#fff;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:12px;padding:2rem 1.5rem;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;gap:.5rem 1.6rem}.yk-keywords__cloud a{color:#081f42;text-decoration:none;font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;line-height:1.3;border-bottom:1px solid transparent}.yk-keywords__cloud a:hover,.yk-keywords__cloud a:focus-visible{color:var(--yk-accent);border-bottom-color:var(--yk-accent);text-decoration:none}.yk-keywords__cloud--side{justify-content:flex-start;gap:.45rem .8rem;padding:1.5rem}.yk-layout__side .yk-section-label{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:0.2rem}.yk-layout__side .yk-section-label::after{display:none}@media (max-width:1180px){.yk-layout .yk-section-label{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:0.2rem}.yk-layout .yk-section-label::after{display:none}}.yk-static-card .yk-article-card__abstract{margin-bottom:0}.yk-section-label--spaced{margin-top:2.5rem}.yk-side-card{background:linear-gradient(150deg, #0d1117 0%, #1b2540 100%);border-radius:12px;padding:1.4rem 1.5rem;margin-top:1.75rem;color:#fff}.yk-side-card h3{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-size:1rem;margin:0 0 .7rem;color:#fff}.yk-side-card .yk-side-card__list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;font-size:0.86rem;color:#b9c2d9}.yk-side-card .yk-side-card__list li{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:0.75rem;padding:.5rem 0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12)}.yk-side-card .yk-side-card__list li:last-child{border-bottom:none}.yk-side-card .yk-side-card__list li::before{content:none}.yk-side-card .yk-side-card__list li b{color:#fff;font-weight:600;text-align:right;white-space:nowrap}.page_search{margin-top:2rem;margin-bottom:4rem;max-width:900px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding:0 1.5rem}.page_search h1{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;color:#081f42;margin-bottom:1.5rem}.page_search .cmp_form{background:#fff;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:12px;padding:2.5rem;margin-bottom:3rem;box-shadow:0 4px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.02)}.page_search .cmp_form .search_input{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.page_search .cmp_form .search_input .query{width:100%;font-size:1.15rem;padding:1rem 1.25rem;border:1px solid #aeb6ca;border-radius:6px;color:#0a0d12;box-sizing:border-box;height:auto !important;line-height:normal !important}.page_search .cmp_form .search_input .query:focus{border-color:var(--yk-accent, #081f42);outline:none;box-shadow:0 0 0 3px rgba(30,136,229,0.1)}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced{border:none;padding:0;margin:0 0 2.5rem 0}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced::after{content:"";display:table;clear:both}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced>legend{font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:600;font-size:1.2rem;color:#081f42;margin-bottom:1.5rem;padding:0 0 .5rem 0;border-bottom:1px solid #cdd2de;width:100%;display:block}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range{float:none !important;width:100% !important;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));gap:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range .from fieldset,.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range .to fieldset{border:none;padding:0;margin:0}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range .from fieldset legend,.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range .to fieldset legend{font-weight:600;font-size:0.9rem;color:#454c5c;margin-bottom:0.8rem;padding:0;display:block}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range .from select,.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range .to select{padding:.6rem .8rem;font-size:0.95rem;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:6px;background-color:#fcfcfc;margin-right:0.5rem;margin-bottom:0.5rem;box-sizing:border-box;height:auto !important;line-height:normal !important}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range .from select:focus,.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range .to select:focus{border-color:var(--yk-accent, #081f42);outline:none}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .author{float:none !important;width:100% !important;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));align-items:start;gap:2rem;margin-bottom:1rem;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .author>label{display:block;width:100%;font-weight:600;font-size:0.9rem;color:#454c5c;margin:0 0 .5rem 0}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .author .label_contexts{margin-top:0}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .author>input[type="text"]{flex:1 1 300px;padding:.7rem 1rem;font-size:1rem;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:6px;background-color:#fcfcfc;box-sizing:border-box;height:auto !important;line-height:normal !important}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .author>input[type="text"]:focus{border-color:var(--yk-accent, #081f42);outline:none}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .author>select{flex:1 1 300px;padding:.7rem 1rem;font-size:1rem;border:1px solid #cdd2de;border-radius:6px;background-color:#fcfcfc;box-sizing:border-box;height:auto !important;line-height:normal !important}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .author>select:focus{border-color:var(--yk-accent, #081f42);outline:none}.page_search .cmp_form .submit{text-align:right}.page_search .cmp_form .submit button{background:var(--yk-accent, #081f42) !important;color:#fff !important;border:none !important;box-shadow:none !important;padding:.8rem 2.5rem !important;font-size:1.1rem !important;font-weight:600 !important;border-radius:6px !important;cursor:pointer;transition:all .2s ease;text-shadow:none !important}.page_search .cmp_form .submit button::before,.page_search .cmp_form .submit button::after{display:none !important}.page_search .cmp_form .submit button:hover,.page_search .cmp_form .submit button:focus{opacity:0.9;transform:translateY(-1px);background:var(--yk-accent, #081f42) !important;color:#fff !important}.page_search .search_results{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.page_search .search_results>li{margin-bottom:2.5rem;padding-bottom:2.5rem;border-bottom:1px solid #cdd2de}.page_search .search_results>li:last-child{border-bottom:none;margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}@media (max-width:768px){.page_search .cmp_form{padding:1.5rem}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .date_range{flex-direction:column;gap:1.5rem}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .author{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch}.page_search .cmp_form .search_advanced .author .label{margin-bottom:0.5rem}}@media (min-width:860px){body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_content{width:100%;max-width:1180px;padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}}body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_main{background:#ffffff;border-radius:12px;box-shadow:0 4px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.04);padding:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem}@media (min-width:860px){body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_main{padding:3rem}}body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_main::before,body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_main::after{content:none}@media (min-width:860px){body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_main:first-child:last-child{width:100%;max-width:100%}}@media (min-width:860px){body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_main:not(:first-child:last-child){width:calc(100% - 340px - 2rem);float:left}}@media (min-width:860px){body:not(.pkp_page_index) .pkp_structure_sidebar{width:340px;float:right}}.obj_article_details .row{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}.obj_article_details .row::before,.obj_article_details .row::after{content:none}@media (min-width:860px){.obj_article_details .row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) 300px;gap:2.5rem;align-items:start}}@media (min-width:860px){.obj_article_details .main_entry,.obj_article_details .entry_details{float:none;width:auto;min-width:0;padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}@media (max-width:859px){.obj_article_details .entry_details{float:none;width:auto;margin-top:2rem}.obj_article_details .main_entry{float:none;width:auto}}@media (min-width:860px){.pkp_structure_main:not(:first-child:last-child) .obj_article_details .row{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr)}.pkp_structure_main:not(:first-child:last-child) .obj_article_details .row .entry_details{margin-top:0;padding-top:0}}.obj_article_details .entry_details{background:transparent;border:0;border-radius:0;box-shadow:none;padding:2rem 0 0;margin-left:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item{padding:0;border-bottom:0;margin:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item+.item{margin-top:1.25rem;padding-top:1.25rem;border-top:1px solid #cdd2de}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item>.sub_item{min-width:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .item.issue{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit, minmax(190px, 1fr));gap:1.25rem}.obj_article_details .entry_details .label{display:block;font-family:'Fraunces',Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-size:0.72rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:0.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:#454c5c;margin:0 0 .3rem}.obj_article_details .entry_details .value{font-size:0.9rem;line-height:1.6;color:#0a0d12;margin:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .value>*:first-child{margin-top:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .value>*:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0.5rem;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links li{margin:0;padding:0}.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links li::before{content:none}.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:0.45rem;background:#081f42;color:#fff;text-decoration:none;font-size:0.75rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:0.03em;padding:.55rem 1rem;border-radius:7px;border:0;transition:background .18s ease}.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links a:hover,.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links a:focus-visible{background:var(--yk-accent);color:#fff;text-decoration:none}.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links a .fa,.obj_article_details .entry_details .galleys_links a svg{width:13px;height:13px;font-size:13px}.obj_article_details .entry_details select,.obj_article_details .entry_details .csl_citation_formats{max-width:100%}